Karnataka > Secondary Education
In the princely State of Mysore, the first Government High School was started In 1858 in Bangalore, affiliated to the University of Madras. Later, the Mission schools at Tumkur, Shimoga and Hassan and the Maharaja's School in Mysore were taken over by the Government. The Secondary Education consisted of two stages-Middle School stage and High School stage. The District Boards started a number of High Schools after independence. In 1882 there were four High Schools in Belgaum area and two High Schools in Madras area. The A.V. School in Gulbarga was upgraded into a High School in 1875, and the Central School at Madikeri was raised to the status of a High School in 1879.
After Reorganisation, the term Secondary Education gained a different connotation. While in Old Mysore it applied to schools with a three-year course after the eighth standard, in Bombay Karnataka area schools had a four year course after Seventh Standard or Mulki schools. In Dakshina Kannada there were Elementary (till 5th Standard), Middle (till eighth standard) and High school till 11th standard. Similar was the case in the Hyderabad area. By the time of Reorganisation, there were 537 Secondary Schools in the State (including two Military schools) with a total strength of 1,25,645 students. A new curriculum was introduced for secondary education all over the state in 1960 and a uniformity in pattern, syllabi and examination was achieved by 1963. S.S.L.C. was uniformly made a course of ten-years duration with the eight, ninth and tenth being treated as High School classes.
The scheme of conversion of High Schools into Higher Secondary Schools with the introduction of standard XI was implemented from 1964-65, upgrading 50 schools all over the state. This scheme of XI standard was drawn to a close when the I year P.U.C. was introduced which became a two year course in 1972. During 1981-82, the total number of High Schools was 2,416 and the number of children rose to 7.22 lakh. The total number of teachers working in High Schools during 1981-82 for the whole state was 22,407. For the year 1993-94, a total of 5,732 High Schools existed in the State of which 1,488 were Government Institutions, 2,111 were aided by the government, 2,106 were unaided and 27 came under Local Bodies. There were in all 46,527 teachers in them whose number respectively for the above category of institutions was 12,972 (with l,314SC'sand361 STs), 21,392 (with l,254SC'sand441 STs), Il,941(with700 SC'sand 218 STs) and 222 (with 220 SC's and 2 ST's).
The following are the details of High School students who appeared for the S.S.L.C. Examination for two years:- For the 1992 April Session, for a total of 5,06,998 (3,27,748 boys and 1,79,250 girls) who appeared, a total of 2,46,978 (1,51,287 boys and 95,691 girls) or 48.71% passed. For the October session of the same year, the number of students who took the examination was 1,52,264 (1,08,954 boys and 6,544 girls) or 12.68%.
During the 1993 April session, for a total of 4,09,141 candidates who took the examination under the new scheme, 2,52,109 were boys and 1,57,032 were girls. Among them, a total of 2,10,431 (1,22,655 boys and 87,776 girls) or 51.43% passed. Under the old scheme, for a total of 1,22,552 (89,817 boys and 32,735 girls), a total of 29,396 (20,141 boys and 9,255 girls) or
23.98% passed. For the Supplementary examination conducted during 1993 October, the following were the details of candidates: New Scheme-total appeared was 97,702(67,905 boys and 29,867 girls). Total passed was 15,002(9,829 boys and 5,173 girls). The percentage of passes was 15.34. Old Scheme-Total appeared was 68,242 (51,522 boys and 16,720 girls). Total passed was 7,684(5,524 boys and 2,160 girls). Total percentage of passes was 11.25.
During 1999-2000 the total no, of High Schools rose to 8,248 in which were 2,547 governments, 2,649 aided and 3,059 unaided schools. The total number of teachers in them was 78,888 of whom were 3,005 in government, 29,869 in aided and 18,114 in unaided High Schools.
The total no. of children in standard VIII was 6,88,662 (3,84,026 boys and 3,04,636 girls); in standard IX it was 6,19,065 (3,44,557 boys and 2,74,508 girls) and in standard X it was 4,63,608 (2,62,080 boys and 2,01,528 girls), totalling 18,48,335. For the April 2000 SSLC Examination, a total of 3,76,314 students (2,03,896 boys and 1,72,418 girls) appeared and a total of 1,95,420 (1,08,166 boys and 87,254 girls) passed.
During 1999-2000, a total of 341 unaided High Schools were sanctioned. For the government High Schools started during 1998-99, one post of Head Master, one post of group D employee and 434 posts of Asst. Masters were sanctioned. 500 posts of Hindi teachers were sanctioned by a the central government for them. During the same year 961 music, dance and drawing teachers were recruited. There was a total of 9,750 high schools in the state during 2003-04 in which were 2,893 government and 2,627 aided high schools. A total of 20,61,229 children (11,02,812 boys and 9,58,417 girls) were studying in them. 117 new high school have been sanctioned for 27 districts them providing higher education. A total of 468 staff of all groups has been sanctioned for the said schools. SSLC Examination : For the April-2003 session, a total of 5,46,778 candidates (2,93,281 boys and 2,53,497 girls) appeared from different schools of whom a total of 3,06,040 (1,56,269 boys and 1,49,771 girls) passed.
Of the total of 11,316 private candidates (7,910 boys and 3,406 girls) 1,534 (920 boys and 614 girls) passed.
Of the total number of 1,82,784 (1,27,991 boys and 54,793 girls) repeaters, 38,466 (25,607 boys and 12,859 girls) passed.
Sanskrit Education : For the year 1999-2000 there were 264 aided and 123 unaided Sanskrit Pathashalas in the state, with three government, eight aided and nine unaided Sanskrit colleges imparting Sanskrit education.
For the year 2003-04 there were 370 Sanskrit Schools in the State in which 261 were aided. Teachers in them have been included in the Triple Benefit Scheme (TBF). A total of 569 Sanskrit teachers belonging to 261 schools have been given pension benefit by the government.
Hindi Education : A total of 91 Hindi Schools (80 schools with partial government grants, Six unaided and five run by voluntary organization) were functioning in the state for the improvement of the National language, during 2003-04.
Music Education : There were 34 aided and 75 unaided special Music, Dance and Drama institutions in the state with a total of 1,762 students in them, for the said year.
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